Actualized Skills in Play+ refer to the manifest abilities of the dog, developed through training and practice, and utilized effectively within the play interaction. They represent the culmination of a learning process where understanding (mental) and execution (physical) come together. The process involves the dog not just knowing what to do in response to a cue (knowledge), but also successfully performing it (execution) in a real-world context. This actualization of skills demonstrates that learning has gone beyond conceptual comprehension and has been embodied in practical, responsive behavior. This enhances the dog’s confidence and competence, and also contributes to a smoother, more satisfying play experience.